Forwarded from 📡Guardians of Hong Kong
What Mask to Wear during Pneumonia outbreak? Surgical Mask or N95 Mask?
The outbreak of an unknown pneumonia in Wuhan, China and suspected cases in Hong Kong have caused great concern among the Hong Kong public.
N95 masks, used by medical personnel during the SARS outbreak, is experiencing panic buying. What masks should an average citizen actually wear? Surgical masks or N95 masks?
Professor David SC HUI of the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics of CUHK cited a report last year by the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), analysing the probability of medical personnel wearing N95 masks or surgical masks contracting influenza. Results had shown that 8.2% of medical personnel wearing N95 masks contracted influenza, while 7.2% of those wearing surgical masks contracted Influenza, indicating there is no significant difference in the effectiveness between the two.
==========
Surgical Masks
Surgical masks are designed to prevent droplet transmission of diseases, and are suitable for unventilated environments like clinics and surgical theatres. However, it could not block particles with the radii smaller than 5μm, nor could it block any particulates or gases (including tear gas).
According to information from the Consumer Council, the three layers present in a typical surgical masks has three individual functions: the innermost layer retains moisture; the middle layer filters particles in the air; and the outermost layer resists water. However, surgical masks are disposable medical items with a maximum use time of 6 - 8 hours. The mask must also be replaced if it is broken, wet, or dirty.
Characteristics:
．Block disease-transmitting droplets
． Retain moisture, filter particles, and resist water
． Could not block droplets with radii smaller than 5μm
==========
N95 Masks
N95 masks are masks that abide to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's standards, which filters at least 95% of airborne particles but is not resistant to oil aerosols.
However, N95 masks are designed to fit perfectly onto the face, which results in the user breathing in their own exhaled carbon dioxide. Thus long-time usage could cause headaches due to dilation of cerebral blood vessels. It is recommended that users should replace the mask after eight hours of usage.
Characteristics:
．Filters at least 95% of airborne particles
．Not resistant to oil aerosols
．Long usage causes headaches
Exhalation valves are also present in some N95 masks, with the valve designed to be a single valve which reduces exhalation resistance, making it easier to breathe (exhale). However, the exhalation valve does not reduce inhalation resistance. Since air exhaled from the exhalation valve does not undergo filtration, wearers could still spread pathogens as though they have not wore a mask, thus this mask is not suitable for patients.
Source: Health Concept 健康概念; Consumer Council; Centers for Disease Control of Republic of China; "N95 Respirators vs Medical Masks for Preventing Influenza Among Health Care Personnel, A Randomized Clinical Trial"
#4Jan #Pneumonia #Plague
Emergency Notice:
https://publielectoral.lat/guardiansofhongkong/14769
The outbreak of an unknown pneumonia in Wuhan, China and suspected cases in Hong Kong have caused great concern among the Hong Kong public.
N95 masks, used by medical personnel during the SARS outbreak, is experiencing panic buying. What masks should an average citizen actually wear? Surgical masks or N95 masks?
Professor David SC HUI of the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics of CUHK cited a report last year by the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), analysing the probability of medical personnel wearing N95 masks or surgical masks contracting influenza. Results had shown that 8.2% of medical personnel wearing N95 masks contracted influenza, while 7.2% of those wearing surgical masks contracted Influenza, indicating there is no significant difference in the effectiveness between the two.
==========
Surgical Masks
Surgical masks are designed to prevent droplet transmission of diseases, and are suitable for unventilated environments like clinics and surgical theatres. However, it could not block particles with the radii smaller than 5μm, nor could it block any particulates or gases (including tear gas).
According to information from the Consumer Council, the three layers present in a typical surgical masks has three individual functions: the innermost layer retains moisture; the middle layer filters particles in the air; and the outermost layer resists water. However, surgical masks are disposable medical items with a maximum use time of 6 - 8 hours. The mask must also be replaced if it is broken, wet, or dirty.
Characteristics:
．Block disease-transmitting droplets
． Retain moisture, filter particles, and resist water
． Could not block droplets with radii smaller than 5μm
==========
N95 Masks
N95 masks are masks that abide to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's standards, which filters at least 95% of airborne particles but is not resistant to oil aerosols.
However, N95 masks are designed to fit perfectly onto the face, which results in the user breathing in their own exhaled carbon dioxide. Thus long-time usage could cause headaches due to dilation of cerebral blood vessels. It is recommended that users should replace the mask after eight hours of usage.
Characteristics:
．Filters at least 95% of airborne particles
．Not resistant to oil aerosols
．Long usage causes headaches
Exhalation valves are also present in some N95 masks, with the valve designed to be a single valve which reduces exhalation resistance, making it easier to breathe (exhale). However, the exhalation valve does not reduce inhalation resistance. Since air exhaled from the exhalation valve does not undergo filtration, wearers could still spread pathogens as though they have not wore a mask, thus this mask is not suitable for patients.
Source: Health Concept 健康概念; Consumer Council; Centers for Disease Control of Republic of China; "N95 Respirators vs Medical Masks for Preventing Influenza Among Health Care Personnel, A Randomized Clinical Trial"
#4Jan #Pneumonia #Plague
Emergency Notice:
https://publielectoral.lat/guardiansofhongkong/14769
Telegram
📡Guardians of Hong Kong
#Alert #SARS #Plague #Jan2
Emergency Notice from BWHK & GOHK
Dear Readers,
Please wear a mask whenever you are leaving the house, wash your hands frequently and maintain good personal hygiene.
Today, the Hospital Authority confirmed that there was an…
Emergency Notice from BWHK & GOHK
Dear Readers,
Please wear a mask whenever you are leaving the house, wash your hands frequently and maintain good personal hygiene.
Today, the Hospital Authority confirmed that there was an…
Forwarded from 📡Guardians of Hong Kong
#Breaking #PressFreedom
Hong Kong Citizen News announces its closure 5 years after its establishment
Below is the press’ open letter to its readers:
A farewell from Hong Kong Citizen News
Today is 2 Jan 2022, hkcnews has to say goodbye to all our readers 5 years after our establishment.
It is still in our vivid memory that on 1 Jan 2017, hkcnews was established. During the press conference for announcment, many experienced reporters had expressed their concerns over press freedom in Hong Kong, hoping that hkcnews could uphold the spirit of professionaism, stay true to the essence of journalism, and serve the public. During that time, we "hoped that this tiny step we take could gradually encourage the industry to protect the freedom of press".
Then, albeit facing extremely scarce resources, hkcnews slowly made our tiny stpes, paving our way into the news reporting world. We strove our best to cover exclusive news, data analysis, interviews, investigative reports, feature articles, court news, Chinese news, etc.. Although our coverage might not be the broadest, nor the fastest, but this little team of us has never stopped striving for depth and accuracies in our reports.
We started from having only 10 people in our team, now we are proud colleagues of dozens professionals, and from being a nobody, to hearing people saying they have been reading our articles.
It’s been 5 years. We truly thank all for your support.
─────────
The first news article of hkcnews, published on 1 Jan 2017.
"Hong Kong Citizen News was born on this special new year because we want you all to remember, regardless of situations, that 'This land we cherish, into our bones this love we’ve etched, happy or sad, in life or death, it's still Hong Kong, our land'."
We all love this place, yet with regret, we are not only facing a storm, but a tornado and tsunami.
We have never forgotten the reason we started. Unfortunately, with the radical change in our society, the environment for journalism has been deteriorating. We can no longer strive for our aim fearlessly.
Right in the eye of the typhoon, the little boat of us is in severe situation of waves and winds. We have to first make sure everyone in hkcnews is safe under such dangerous situation.
Therefore it is with utmost sadness that we announce:
Starting from 4 Jan 2022, Hong Kong Citizen News will cease operation. We will stop updating our websites, which will be shut down sometime later.
We sincerely thank our subscribers and readers for all of your support, which we will hold dearly onto, and remember, forever.
All those we have gone through in the past 5 years will be cherished memories of ours.
Hong Kong Citizen News
Source: Citizen News; #Jan2
#Media #CloseDown #Solidarity #Humanity #PressFreedom #PoliticalOppression #Readers #Hongkongers #WhiteTerror
Hong Kong Citizen News announces its closure 5 years after its establishment
Below is the press’ open letter to its readers:
A farewell from Hong Kong Citizen News
Today is 2 Jan 2022, hkcnews has to say goodbye to all our readers 5 years after our establishment.
It is still in our vivid memory that on 1 Jan 2017, hkcnews was established. During the press conference for announcment, many experienced reporters had expressed their concerns over press freedom in Hong Kong, hoping that hkcnews could uphold the spirit of professionaism, stay true to the essence of journalism, and serve the public. During that time, we "hoped that this tiny step we take could gradually encourage the industry to protect the freedom of press".
Then, albeit facing extremely scarce resources, hkcnews slowly made our tiny stpes, paving our way into the news reporting world. We strove our best to cover exclusive news, data analysis, interviews, investigative reports, feature articles, court news, Chinese news, etc.. Although our coverage might not be the broadest, nor the fastest, but this little team of us has never stopped striving for depth and accuracies in our reports.
We started from having only 10 people in our team, now we are proud colleagues of dozens professionals, and from being a nobody, to hearing people saying they have been reading our articles.
It’s been 5 years. We truly thank all for your support.
─────────
The first news article of hkcnews, published on 1 Jan 2017.
"Hong Kong Citizen News was born on this special new year because we want you all to remember, regardless of situations, that 'This land we cherish, into our bones this love we’ve etched, happy or sad, in life or death, it's still Hong Kong, our land'."
We all love this place, yet with regret, we are not only facing a storm, but a tornado and tsunami.
We have never forgotten the reason we started. Unfortunately, with the radical change in our society, the environment for journalism has been deteriorating. We can no longer strive for our aim fearlessly.
Right in the eye of the typhoon, the little boat of us is in severe situation of waves and winds. We have to first make sure everyone in hkcnews is safe under such dangerous situation.
Therefore it is with utmost sadness that we announce:
Starting from 4 Jan 2022, Hong Kong Citizen News will cease operation. We will stop updating our websites, which will be shut down sometime later.
We sincerely thank our subscribers and readers for all of your support, which we will hold dearly onto, and remember, forever.
All those we have gone through in the past 5 years will be cherished memories of ours.
Hong Kong Citizen News
Source: Citizen News; #Jan2
#Media #CloseDown #Solidarity #Humanity #PressFreedom #PoliticalOppression #Readers #Hongkongers #WhiteTerror
Forwarded from 📡Guardians of Hong Kong
#Cantopop #HongKongSinger
Denise Ho Sing On After Arrest and Thank Late Cantopop Diva Anita Mui: "Do what you should do in the limited time you have"
Source: InmediaHK; #Jan2
Read more
⬇️⬇️⬇️
https://publielectoral.lat/guardiansofhongkong/31806
Denise Ho Sing On After Arrest and Thank Late Cantopop Diva Anita Mui: "Do what you should do in the limited time you have"
Source: InmediaHK; #Jan2
Read more
⬇️⬇️⬇️
https://publielectoral.lat/guardiansofhongkong/31806